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C#操作XML通用方法匯總

來源：本站原創(chuàng)|時(shí)間：2020-01-10|欄目：C#教程|點(diǎn)擊： 次

 在.net的項(xiàng)目開發(fā)中，經(jīng)常會(huì)對(duì)XML文件進(jìn)行操作，由于XML文件可以實(shí)現(xiàn)跨平臺(tái)傳輸，較多的應(yīng)用在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中，特總結(jié)以下幾種常用的XML操作方法：

1.創(chuàng)建XML文檔：

  /// <summary>
  /// 創(chuàng)建XML文檔
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="name">根節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱</param>
  /// <param name="type">根節(jié)點(diǎn)的一個(gè)屬性值</param>
  /// <returns>XmlDocument對(duì)象</returns>  
  public static XmlDocument CreateXmlDocument(string name, string type)
  {
   XmlDocument doc;
   try
   {
    doc = new XmlDocument();
    doc.LoadXml("<" + name + "/>");
    var rootEle = doc.DocumentElement;
    rootEle?.SetAttribute("type", type);
   }
   catch (Exception er)
   {
    throw new Exception(er.ToString());
   }
   return doc;
  }

2.讀取XML文檔中的數(shù)據(jù)：

  /// <summary>
  /// 讀取數(shù)據(jù)
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
  /// <param name="node">節(jié)點(diǎn)</param>
  /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時(shí)返回該屬性值，否則返回串聯(lián)值</param>
  /// <returns>string</returns>
  public static string Read(string path, string node, string attribute)
  {
   var value = "";
   try
   {
    var doc = new XmlDocument();
    doc.Load(path);
    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
    if (xn != null && xn.Attributes != null)
     value = (attribute.Equals("") ? xn.InnerText : xn.Attributes[attribute].Value);
   }
   catch (Exception er)
   {
    throw new Exception(er.ToString());
   }
   return value;
  }

3.對(duì)XML文檔插入數(shù)據(jù)：

  /// <summary>
  /// 插入數(shù)據(jù)
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
  /// <param name="node">節(jié)點(diǎn)</param>
  /// <param name="element">元素名，非空時(shí)插入新元素，否則在該元素中插入屬性</param>
  /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時(shí)插入該元素屬性值，否則插入元素值</param>
  /// <param name="value">值</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string attribute, string value)
  {
   try
   {
    var doc = new XmlDocument();
    doc.Load(path);
    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
    if (element.Equals(""))
    {
     if (!attribute.Equals(""))
     {
      var xe = (XmlElement)xn;
      xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
      //xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
     }
    }
    else
    {
     var xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
     if (attribute.Equals(""))
      xe.InnerText = value;
     else
      xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
     xn?.AppendChild(xe);
    }
    doc.Save(path);
   }
   catch (Exception er)
   {
    throw new Exception(er.ToString());
   }
  }

4.修改XML文檔中的數(shù)據(jù)：

  /// <summary>
  /// 修改數(shù)據(jù)
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
  /// <param name="node">節(jié)點(diǎn)</param>
  /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時(shí)修改該節(jié)點(diǎn)屬性值，否則修改節(jié)點(diǎn)值</param>
  /// <param name="value">值</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static void Update(string path, string node, string attribute, string value)
  {
   try
   {
    var doc = new XmlDocument();
    doc.Load(path);
    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
    var xe = (XmlElement)xn;
    if (attribute.Equals(""))
    {
     if (xe != null) xe.InnerText = value;
    }
    else
    {
     xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
    }
    doc.Save(path);
   }
   catch (Exception er)
   {
    throw new Exception(er.ToString());
   }
  }

5.刪除XML文檔中數(shù)據(jù)：

  /// <summary>
  /// 刪除數(shù)據(jù)
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
  /// <param name="node">節(jié)點(diǎn)</param>
  /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時(shí)刪除該節(jié)點(diǎn)屬性值，否則刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)值</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static void Delete(string path, string node, string attribute)
  {
   try
   {
    var doc = new XmlDocument();
    doc.Load(path);
    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
    var xe = (XmlElement)xn;
    if (attribute.Equals(""))
    {
     xn?.ParentNode?.RemoveChild(xn);
    }
    else
    {
     xe?.RemoveAttribute(attribute);
    }
    doc.Save(path);
   }
   catch (Exception er)
   {
    throw new Exception(er.ToString());
   }
  }

6.讀取XML文檔中指定節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)：

  /// <summary>
  /// 獲得xml文件中指定節(jié)點(diǎn)的節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path"></param>
  /// <param name="nodeName"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static string GetNodeInfoByNodeName(string path, string nodeName)
  {
   var xmlString = string.Empty;
   try
   {
    var xml = new XmlDocument();
    xml.Load(path);
    var root = xml.DocumentElement;
    if (root == null) return xmlString;
    var node = root.SelectSingleNode("http://" + nodeName);
    if (node != null)
    {
     xmlString = node.InnerText;
    }
   }
   catch (Exception er)
   {
    throw new Exception(er.ToString());
   }
   return xmlString;
  }

7.獲取XML指定節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性：

  /// <summary> 
  /// 功能:讀取指定節(jié)點(diǎn)的指定屬性值  
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path"></param>
  /// <param name="strNode">節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱</param> 
  /// <param name="strAttribute">此節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性</param> 
  /// <returns></returns> 
  public string GetXmlNodeAttributeValue(string path, string strNode, string strAttribute)
  {
   var strReturn = "";
   try
   {
    var xml = new XmlDocument();
    xml.Load(path);
    //根據(jù)指定路徑獲取節(jié)點(diǎn) 
    var xmlNode = xml.SelectSingleNode(strNode);
    if (xmlNode != null)
    {
     //獲取節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性，并循環(huán)取出需要的屬性值 
     var xmlAttr = xmlNode.Attributes;
     if (xmlAttr == null) return strReturn;
     for (var i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)
     {
      if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name != strAttribute) continue;
      strReturn = xmlAttr.Item(i).Value;
      break;
     }
    }
   }
   catch (XmlException xmle)
   {
    throw new Exception(xmle.Message);
   }
   return strReturn;
  }

8.設(shè)置XML文檔中指定節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性：

 /// <summary> 
  /// 功能:設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性值  
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path"></param>
  /// <param name="xmlNodePath">節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱</param> 
  /// <param name="xmlNodeAttribute">屬性名稱</param> 
  /// <param name="xmlNodeAttributeValue">屬性值</param> 
  public void SetXmlNodeAttributeValue(string path, string xmlNodePath, string xmlNodeAttribute, string xmlNodeAttributeValue)
  {
   try
   {
    var xml = new XmlDocument();
    xml.Load(path);
    //可以批量為符合條件的節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性付值 
    var xmlNode = xml.SelectNodes(xmlNodePath);
    if (xmlNode == null) return;
    foreach (var xmlAttr in from XmlNode xn in xmlNode select xn.Attributes)
    {
     if (xmlAttr == null) return;
     for (var i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)
     {
      if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name != xmlNodeAttribute) continue;
      xmlAttr.Item(i).Value = xmlNodeAttributeValue;
      break;
     }
    }

   }
   catch (XmlException xmle)
   {
    throw new Exception(xmle.Message);
   }
  }

9.讀取XML文檔指定節(jié)點(diǎn)的值：

  /// <summary>
  /// 讀取XML資源中的指定節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="source">XML資源</param>
  /// <param name="xmlType">XML資源類型：文件，字符串</param>
  /// <param name="nodeName">節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱</param>
  /// <returns>節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容</returns>
  public static object GetNodeValue(string source, XmlType xmlType, string nodeName)
  {
   var xd = new XmlDocument();
   if (xmlType == XmlType.File)
   {
    xd.Load(source);
   }
   else
   {
    xd.LoadXml(source);
   }
   var xe = xd.DocumentElement;
   XmlNode xn = null;
   if (xe != null)
   {
     xn= xe.SelectSingleNode("http://" + nodeName);
    
   }
   return xn.InnerText;
  }

10.更新XML文檔指定節(jié)點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容：

  /// <summary>
  /// 更新XML文件中的指定節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="filePath">文件路徑</param>
  /// <param name="nodeName">節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱</param>
  /// <param name="nodeValue">更新內(nèi)容</param>
  /// <returns>更新是否成功</returns>
  public static bool UpdateNode(string filePath, string nodeName, string nodeValue)
  {   
   try
   {
    bool flag;
    var xd = new XmlDocument();
    xd.Load(filePath);
    var xe = xd.DocumentElement;
    if (xe == null) return false;
    var xn = xe.SelectSingleNode("http://" + nodeName);
    if (xn != null)
    {
     xn.InnerText = nodeValue;
     flag = true;
    }
    else
    {
     flag = false;
    }
    return flag;
   }
   catch (Exception ex)
   {
    throw new Exception(ex.Message);
   }
   
  }
復(fù)制代碼
11.將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)化為XML文件，并存入指定目錄：

復(fù)制代碼
  /// <summary>
  /// 將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)化為xml，并寫入指定路徑的xml文件中
  /// </summary>
  /// <typeparam name="T">C#對(duì)象名</typeparam>
  /// <param name="item">對(duì)象實(shí)例</param>
  /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
  /// <param name="jjdbh">標(biāo)號(hào)</param>
  /// <param name="ends">結(jié)束符號(hào)（整個(gè)xml的路徑類似如下：C:\xmltest\201111send.xml，其中path=C:\xmltest,jjdbh=201111,ends=send）</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static string WriteXml<T>(T item, string path, string jjdbh, string ends)
  {
   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ends))
   {
    //默認(rèn)為發(fā)送
    ends = "send";
   }
   //控制寫入文件的次數(shù)
   var i = 0;
   //獲取當(dāng)前對(duì)象的類型，也可以使用反射typeof(對(duì)象名)
   var serializer = new XmlSerializer(item.GetType());
   //xml的路徑組合
   object[] obj = { path, "\\", jjdbh, ends, ".xml" };
   var xmlPath = string.Concat(obj);
   while (true)
   {
    try
    {
     //用filestream方式創(chuàng)建文件不會(huì)出現(xiàn)“文件正在占用中，用File.create”則不行
     var fs = System.IO.File.Create(xmlPath);
     fs.Close();
     TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(xmlPath, false, Encoding.UTF8);
     var xml = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
     xml.Add(string.Empty, string.Empty);
     serializer.Serialize(writer, item, xml);
     writer.Flush();
     writer.Close();
     break;
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
     if (i < 5)
     {
      i++;
      continue;
     }
     break;
    }
   }
   return SerializeToXmlStr<T>(item, true);
  }

12.向一個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的父節(jié)點(diǎn)中插入一個(gè)子節(jié)點(diǎn)：

  /// <summary> 
  /// 向一個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的父節(jié)點(diǎn)中插入一個(gè)子節(jié)點(diǎn) 
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="path"></param>
  /// <param name="parentNodePath">父節(jié)點(diǎn)</param>
  /// <param name="childnodename">子節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱</param> 
  public void AddChildNode(string path, string parentNodePath, string childnodename)
  {
   try
   {
    var xml = new XmlDocument();
    xml.Load(path);
    var parentXmlNode = xml.SelectSingleNode(parentNodePath);
    XmlNode childXmlNode = xml.CreateElement(childnodename);
    if ((parentXmlNode) != null)
    {
     //如果此節(jié)點(diǎn)存在 
     parentXmlNode.AppendChild(childXmlNode);
    }
    else
    {
     //如果不存在就放父節(jié)點(diǎn)添加 
     GetXmlRoot(path).AppendChild(childXmlNode);
    }

   }
   catch (XmlException xmle)
   {
    throw new Exception(xmle.Message);
   }
  }

以上的方法總結(jié)采用.net4.5版本和c#6.0語法，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持我們。

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