詳解C# Socket異步通信實(shí)例

來源：本站原創(chuàng)|時(shí)間：2020-01-10|欄目：C#教程|點(diǎn)擊：次

TCPServer

1、使用的通訊通道：socket

2、用到的基本功能：

①Bind,

②Listen,

③BeginAccept

④EndAccept

⑤BeginReceive

⑥EndReceive

3、函數(shù)參數(shù)說明

 Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,

      SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

新建socket所使用的參數(shù)均為系統(tǒng)預(yù)定義的量，直接選取使用。

listener.Bind(localEndPoint);

localEndPoint 表示一個(gè)定義完整的終端，包括IP和端口信息。

//new IPEndPoint(IPAddress,port)

//IPAdress.Parse("192.168.1.3")

listener.Listen(100);

監(jiān)聽

  listener.BeginAccept(

          new AsyncCallback(AcceptCallback),

          listener);

AsyncCallback(AcceptCallback),一旦連接上后的回調(diào)函數(shù)為AcceptCallback。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)調(diào)用這個(gè)函數(shù)時(shí)，自動(dòng)賦予的輸入?yún)?shù)為IAsyncResoult類型變量ar。

listener，連接行為的容器。

Socket handler = listener.EndAccept(ar);

完成連接，返回此時(shí)的socket通道。

handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,

      new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);

接收的字節(jié)，0，字節(jié)長度，0，接收時(shí)調(diào)用的回調(diào)函數(shù)，接收行為的容器。

========

容器的結(jié)構(gòu)類型為：

public class StateObject
{
  // Client socket.
  public Socket workSocket = null;
  // Size of receive buffer.
  public const int BufferSize = 1024;
  // Receive buffer.
  public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
  // Received data string.
  public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
}

容器至少為一個(gè)socket類型。

===============

 // Read data from the client socket. 

    int bytesRead = handler.EndReceive(ar);

完成一次連接。數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在state.buffer里，bytesRead為讀取的長度。

handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0,

      new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), handler);

發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)byteData，回調(diào)函數(shù)SendCallback。容器handler

int bytesSent = handler.EndSend(ar);

發(fā)送完畢，bytesSent發(fā)送字節(jié)數(shù)。

4 程序結(jié)構(gòu)

主程序：

    byte[] bytes = new Byte[1024];
    IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.104");
    IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 11000);

    // 生成一個(gè)TCP的socket
    Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
      SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

    listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
    listener.Listen(100);

    while (true)
    {

      // Set the event to nonsignaled state.
      allDone.Reset();

      //開啟異步監(jiān)聽socket
      Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a connection");
      listener.BeginAccept(
           new AsyncCallback(AcceptCallback),
           listener);

      // 讓程序等待，直到連接任務(wù)完成。在AcceptCallback里的適當(dāng)位置放置allDone.Set()語句.
      allDone.WaitOne();
      }

  Console.WriteLine("\nPress ENTER to continue");
  Console.Read();

連接行為回調(diào)函數(shù)AcceptCallback：

  public static void AcceptCallback(IAsyncResult ar)

  {

    //添加此命令，讓主線程繼續(xù).

    allDone.Set();

    // 獲取客戶請(qǐng)求的socket

    Socket listener = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;

    Socket handler = listener.EndAccept(ar);

    // 造一個(gè)容器，并用于接收命令.

    StateObject state = new StateObject();

    state.workSocket = handler;

    handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,

      new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);

  }

讀取行為的回調(diào)函數(shù)ReadCallback:

  public static void ReadCallback(IAsyncResult ar)

  {

    String content = String.Empty;

    // 從異步state對(duì)象中獲取state和socket對(duì)象.

    StateObject state = (StateObject)ar.AsyncState;

    Socket handler = state.workSocket;

    // 從客戶socket讀取數(shù)據(jù). 

    int bytesRead = handler.EndReceive(ar);

    if (bytesRead > 0)

    {

      // 如果接收到數(shù)據(jù)，則存起來

      state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(state.buffer, 0, bytesRead));

      // 檢查是否有結(jié)束標(biāo)記，如果沒有則繼續(xù)讀取

      content = state.sb.ToString();

      if (content.IndexOf("<EOF>") > -1)

      {

        //所有數(shù)據(jù)讀取完畢.

        Console.WriteLine("Read {0} bytes from socket. \n Data : {1}",

          content.Length, content);

        // 給客戶端響應(yīng).

        Send(handler, content);

      }

      else

      {

        // 接收未完成，繼續(xù)接收.

        handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,

        new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);

      }

    }

  }

發(fā)送消息給客戶端：

private static void Send(Socket handler, String data)

  {

    // 消息格式轉(zhuǎn)換.

    byte[] byteData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);

    // 開始發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)給遠(yuǎn)程目標(biāo).

    handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0,

      new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), handler);

  }

private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar)

  {

   

      // 從state對(duì)象獲取socket.

      Socket handler = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;

      //完成數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送

      int bytesSent = handler.EndSend(ar);

      Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to client.", bytesSent);

      handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);

      handler.Close();

  }

在各種行為的回調(diào)函數(shù)中，所對(duì)應(yīng)的socket都從輸入?yún)?shù)的AsyncState屬性獲得。使用（Socket）或者（StateObject）進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)換。BeginReceive函數(shù)使用的容器為state，因?yàn)樗枰娣艂魉偷臄?shù)據(jù)。

而其余接收或發(fā)送函數(shù)的容器為socket也可。

完整代碼

  using System;
  using System.Net;
  using System.Net.Sockets;
  using System.Text;
  using System.Threading;
  
  // State object for reading client data asynchronously
  public class StateObject
  {
   // Client socket.
   public Socket workSocket = null;
   // Size of receive buffer.
   public const int BufferSize = ;
   // Receive buffer.
   public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
   // Received data string.
   public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 }
 
 public class AsynchronousSocketListener
 {
   // Thread signal.
   public static ManualResetEvent allDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
 
   public AsynchronousSocketListener()
   {
   }
 
   public static void StartListening()
   {
     // Data buffer for incoming data.
     byte[] bytes = new Byte[];
 
     // Establish the local endpoint for the socket.
     // The DNS name of the computer
     // running the listener is "host.contoso.com".
     //IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName());
     IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("...");
 
     IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, );
 
     // Create a TCP/IP socket.
     Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
       SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
 
     // Bind the socket to the local endpoint and listen for incoming connections.
     try
     {
       listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
       listener.Listen();
       while (true)
       {
         // Set the event to nonsignaled state.
         allDone.Reset();
 
         // Start an asynchronous socket to listen for connections.
         Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a connection");
         listener.BeginAccept(
           new AsyncCallback(AcceptCallback),
           listener);
 
         // Wait until a connection is made before continuing.
         allDone.WaitOne();
       }
     }
     catch (Exception e)
     {
       Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
     }
 
     Console.WriteLine("\nPress ENTER to continue");
     Console.Read();
   }
 
   public static void AcceptCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
   {
     // Signal the main thread to continue.
     allDone.Set();
 
     // Get the socket that handles the client request.
     Socket listener = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
     Socket handler = listener.EndAccept(ar);
  
     // Create the state object.
     StateObject state = new StateObject();
     state.workSocket = handler;
     handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, , StateObject.BufferSize, , new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);
   }
 
   public static void ReadCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
   {
     String content = String.Empty;
    
     // Retrieve the state object and the handler socket
     // from the asynchronous state object.
     StateObject state = (StateObject)ar.AsyncState;
     Socket handler = state.workSocket;
 
     // Read data from the client socket. 
     int bytesRead = handler.EndReceive(ar);
 
     if (bytesRead > )
     {
       // There might be more data, so store the data received so far.
       state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(
         state.buffer, , bytesRead));
 
       // Check for end-of-file tag. If it is not there, read 
       // more data.
       content = state.sb.ToString();
       if (content.IndexOf("<EOF>") > -)
       {
         // All the data has been read from the 
         // client. Display it on the console.
         Console.WriteLine("Read {} bytes from socket. \n Data : {}",content.Length, content);
 
         // Echo the data back to the client.
         Send(handler, content);
       }
       else
       {
         // Not all data received. Get more.
         handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, , StateObject.BufferSize, , new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);
       }
     }
   }
 
   private static void Send(Socket handler, String data)
   {
     // Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
     byte[] byteData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
 
     // Begin sending the data to the remote device.
     handler.BeginSend(byteData, , byteData.Length, ,
       new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), handler);
   }
 
 
 
   private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
 
   {
     try
     {
       // Retrieve the socket from the state object.
       Socket handler = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
 
       // Complete sending the data to the remote device.
       int bytesSent = handler.EndSend(ar);
       Console.WriteLine("Sent {} bytes to client.", bytesSent);
       handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
       handler.Close();
     }
 
     catch (Exception e)
 
     {
       Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
     }
   }
 
   public static int Main(String[] args)
 
   {
     StartListening();
     return ;
   }
 
 }

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